Impact of ACE I/D gene polymorphism on blood pressure, heart rate variability and nitric oxide responses to the aerobic exercise in hypertensive elderly

  • S.R. Moreira Graduate Program on Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, PE, Brazil
  • O.T. Nóbrega Graduate Program on Medical Sciences, University of Brasilia (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
  • H.A.P. Santana Graduate Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasília, DF, Brazil. Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
  • M.M. Sales Graduate Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
  • P.T.V. Farinatti Physical Activity and Health Promotion Laboratory, Rio de Janeiro State University and Graduate Program on Sciences of Physical Activity, Salgado de Oliveira University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
  • H.G. Simões Graduate Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
Keywords: Genotipo Enzima Conversora Angiotensina, Respuesta Cardiometabólica, Ejercicio Físico, Ancianas ACE genotype, Cardiometabolic responses, Physical exercise, Older women Genótipo Enzima Conversora Angiotensina, Respostas cardiometabólicas, Exercício físico, Idosas

Abstract

Objective

To analyze the impact of I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene on the responses of 24 h blood pressure, heart rate variability and nitric oxide after moderate aerobic exercise session.

Method

Twenty seven hypertensive elderly were genotyped for the I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (D/D: n = 9; I/D: n = 9; I/I: n = 9) and performed a bout of aerobic exercise at 90% of anaerobic threshold. Measurements of mean blood pressure, heart rate variability and nitric oxide were performed before and during 24 h post-aerobic exercise session.

Results

The D/D genotype showed impaired mean arterial pressure responses (elevation) in the nocturnal sleep (10:30 pm to 06:30 am) post-aerobic exercise when compared to rest (D/D= −4.2 ± 8.1 mmHg; p > 0.05, I/D = −9.2 ± 9.1 mmHg; p < 0.05 and I/I = −7.0 ± 6.9 mmHg; p < 0.05). Besides, in day time of 06:30 am to 10:30 am (next day) higher values of mean arterial pressure responses occur between D/D = 4.7 ± 4.6 mmHg vs. I/D = −2.0 ± 13.0 mmHg; p < 0.05. The carriers of the D allele, in addition to not release nitric oxide significantly post-aerobic exercise session (p > 0.05), showed reduced elevation of nitric oxide between genotypes immediately after aerobic exercise (D/D = 12.8 ± 135.3 μM and I/D = −8.7 ± 69.0 μM vs. I/I = 132.9 ± 188.7 μM; p < 0.05). Reduced elevation of heart rate variability post-aerobic exercise session occurred when compared to rest (D/D = 1 h: −0.08 ± 0.09 s; p < 0.05 and 24 h: −0.08 ± 0.11 s; p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Elderly hypertensive individuals carrying the D/D genotype of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene showed impaired responses of blood pressure post-aerobic exercise, especially during sleep, and reduced heart rate variability during the 24 h post-aerobic exercise. Besides, to angiotensin converting enzyme genotypes with the presence of D allele (D/D and I/D) was impaired release of nitric oxide post-aerobic exercise session.

 
 
 
Published
2018-04-24
Issue
Vol. 11 No. 2 (2018): June 2018
Section
Originals
Page/s
57-62