Update on the effectiveness of physical therapy in rotator cuff tendinopathy. Umbrella review.

Abstract

Introduction: Rotator cuff tendinopathies are common shoulder disorders, usually caused by overuse. Conservative treatment includes therapeutic exercise, extracorporeal shockwave therapy, and laser therapy. Objective: To update systematic reviews published in the last five years regarding the effectiveness of physiotherapy in the treatment of this condition. Materials and Methods:
An overview of reviews was conducted following the PRIOR guidelines. Eight databases were searched, and the methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 scale. Results: Six systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses were included. Therapeutic exercise, especially programs involving progressive loading and eccentric exercises, reduced pain and improved shoulder function. Shockwave therapy showed effectiveness in cases of calcific tendinopathy. Conclusions: There is strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of therapeutic exercise. Multimodal treatment approaches, including laser therapy and shockwave therapy, appear promising. Further research is necessary to establish optimal exercise protocols and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in non-calcific rotator cuff tendinopathies.